Cobbles and Castles in the Bavarian Alps
By Rick Steves
Like those of so many travelers, my images of Germany — cute villages, dirndls and lederhosen, and fairy-tale castles — are from southern Bavaria, in the foothills of the Alps. You could easily spend a week here, soaking up culture as you bike along fragrant fields and tour the sights.
My favorite home bases for exploring the Bavarian Alps are Füssen and Reutte (just over the border in Austria). They put you an easy drive from the region's most popular sights: the wood-carving capital of Oberammergau and the popular "King's Castles" with their fairy-tale turrets and romantic aura.
The romance starts with the older of the two castles near Füssen, Hohenschwangau — the hunting palace of King Ludwig II of Bavaria (a.k.a. "Mad" King Ludwig). Its mostly Neo-Gothic interior looks much like it did in 1835, with paintings inspired by Romantic themes.
Ludwig, who inherited the throne at age 18, did not want to deal with politics. He instead focused on constructing the fanciful Neuschwanstein Castle just up the hill, which he had decorated with Romantic-era imaginings of a misty medieval days of yore. Just a few months after he moved into Neuschwanstein, Ludwig — who was already planning an even more extravagant castle — was deposed…two days before he was found dead. People still debate: Was it murder — as he was nearly bankrupting his kingdom with his costly castle building — or suicide? But today nobody complains about the cost of his castles. In fact, within six weeks of his funeral, tourists were already paying to visit them.
From Füssen, it's a quick drive or bike ride (or a pleasant walk) to the King's Castles. The town itself, dramatically situated under a renovated castle on the lively Lech River, is a mix of real-world and cutesy-cobbled sights, with a colorful church painted in a fresco technique called Lüftlmalerei, and a pleasant path to Lech Falls. Füssen's one must-see sight, its Heritage Museum, spans a thousand years of the town's history. A highlight here is the Dance of Death, painted shortly after a plague devastated the community in 1590. It shows 20 social classes, each dancing with the Grim Reaper — starting with the pope and the emperor.
Just outside Füssen, the Royal Crystal Baths pool/sauna complex is an unforgettable chance to lounge around naked with German experts at relaxation. A nearby lake, the turquoise Forggensee, is a great place to boat or bike.
A 20-minute drive across the border is the Austrian town of Reutte. Although its setting — surrounded by alpine peaks — is striking, the town itself is unremarkable. But I like Reutte for its fine countryside accommodations (the farther from the town center, the more rustic, authentic, and relaxing) and its proximity to one of my favorite ruined castles, Ehrenberg.
Ehrenberg was built to defend against the Bavarians and to bottle up the strategic Via Claudia trade route, which connected Italy and Germany. Now the castle is in ruins (though with explanatory signage), with hiking paths, a museum, and a 1,200-foot pedestrian suspension bridge that sways 300 feet above the ground.
The German village of Oberammergau is as commercial as it is cute — busy with tour groups and the venerable shops of the town's famous woodcarvers. It's just a 45-minute drive from the King's Castles, and several more sights are closer by: Ettal Monastery (with a splendid Baroque church), Linderhof Castle (a Baroque and Rococo palace also built by Ludwig II), and the German lift to the Zugspitze (Germany's highest mountain, with a view of over 400 peaks in four countries).
Oberammergau is famous for its once-per-decade Passion Play — next performed in 2030 (tickets are easiest through a package deal). Back in 1633, in the midst of the bloody Thirty Years' War and with horrifying plagues devastating entire cities, the people of Oberammergau promised God that if they were spared from extinction, they'd perform a play telling the story of Jesus' entry into Jerusalem, the Crucifixion, and the Resurrection every decade thereafter. The town survived, and the people of Oberammergau are still making good on the deal. Every 10 years, about half of the town's population (a cast of 2,000) are involved in the production of this extravagant five-hour Passion Play.
Oberammergau is much sleepier in non–Passion Play years. It's always colorful, though, thanks to its elaborately painted houses — many depicting biblical and fairy-tale scenes — with the church spire's onion dome overhead. Shop windows and the local museum display crafts from this wood-carving mecca. For thrills, nearby attractions include a gondola, alpine coaster, summer luge, and swimming/sauna complex.
Biking through Bavarian fields, I savor that moment when the setting sun warms up all the colors and the newly cut hay fills the air with a sweet and fertile humidity. Coasting home into my village, it occurs to me that the Alps hold a symphony of experiences that can endlessly delight lovers of culture, history, and nature. They certainly have for me.